Global Competition in the Development of New Era Diamond Semiconductors

In recent years, the field of semiconductor materials has welcomed two new players – silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN). They have triggered a technological revolution due to their outstanding potential for energy savings and miniaturization. However, in the pursuit of even higher-performance semiconductor materials, diamond semiconductors, possessing unparalleled physical properties such as extreme hardness, high sound velocity, thermal conductivity, and Young's modulus, are gradually coming into focus and are regarded as the future leader.

In the past, SiC waste was transformed into moissanite, quickly capturing market share due to its cost-effectiveness. Today, genuine diamonds are rapidly entering the semiconductor field. Countries around the world are actively developing strategies, striving for technological breakthroughs, and the diamond semiconductor industry chain is gradually taking shape. This legendary transformation of diamond into semiconductors has quietly begun, unlocking unlimited potential.

Diamond: The Rise of the Ultimate Semiconductor Material

As the efficiency of silicon-based devices approaches its limits under high-temperature and high-heat conditions, SiC and GaN have emerged on the scene. Although they are already widely used in scenarios such as electric vehicles, railway trains, and 5G base stations, the ever-increasing data volume in communication systems demands even higher-performance semiconductor materials. Diamond, with its exceptional bandgap, high breakdown field strength, high carrier mobility, and ability to operate stably in high-temperature and radiation environments, is recognized as the "ultimate semiconductor material." Its breakdown field strength is 33 times that of silicon, and its bandgap is 5.5 times wider than silicon's. Theoretically, it can operate at high temperatures and handle electrical power, surpassing existing materials.

Application Prospects of Diamond Semiconductors

The potential applications for diamond semiconductors are vast. In the field of satellite communication, their compact structure, ability to handle high frequencies and power, and resistance to heat and cosmic radiation make them ideal replacements for traditional vacuum tubes to efficiently amplify signals. In nuclear power, diamond semiconductors are of great significance for producing monitoring equipment capable of stable operation in extreme high-temperature and high-radiation environments. Furthermore, quantum computing and other fields also place hopes on diamond semiconductors.

Challenges and Progress in Diamond Semiconductor Manufacturing

Despite the broad prospects of diamond semiconductors, their manufacturing faces numerous challenges. The hardness of diamond makes it difficult to grind and process precisely, and it may degrade under long-term use conditions. Additionally, forming larger diamond substrates is a costly and technically complex task. However, this does not deter the industry. Numerous companies, universities, and research institutes are dedicated to researching diamond semiconductor materials and have achieved significant progress.

Japan's Leading Position in the Field of Diamond Semiconductors

In the research of diamond semiconductor materials, Japan is undoubtedly at the forefront. From substrate R&D and device design to equipment manufacturing, Japan has formed a complete industrial chain. For instance, the company Orbray has successfully developed mass production technology for 2-inch diamond wafers and is striving for the goal of 4-inch wafers. Simultaneously, Waseda University in Japan has also reported on relevant research advancements.